Hi, love that you love bold colors and patterns. I think a rug that will help to highlight what you've started in your space without competing with it would be beautiful. Because most of your patterns are medium to large in size, I would probably recommend a rug that has some black in it and even with a pattern but with a different scale pattern (much larger or smaller/more subtle) than what is shown in your pillows, chair and lamp. Here are some examples.... Mostly of rooms with bolder (black and white) patterns and the rugs that were used with them. In pic 3, a rug with a larger scale pattern was used in combination with pillows, drapes with smaller or no pattern (and with black/white contrasts). Your space would be the reverse application I think....like in pic 4. I also love the idea of a bolder, more contrasting in color (like the colors of your pillows, etc.) of a cowhide rug. Perhaps even a hair on hide rug.

I like your plan but I don't think a pattern on the bed wall is a good idea. The carpet already has a lot of pattern so I'd keep that wall a solid, dark color, from the rug. Add some sparkle like mercury lamps for the bedside tables for interest.

If you think hitting the lamps could be an issue, just move them a bit and add some low accessories (opposite sides to pic below). It's better to have a bit larger lamps and with your ceiling height anything shorter would look skimpy and they don't overwhelm the bedside tables once you balance with something above the bed. Just a thought...if you accessorize your bedding with some soft colors, they will also help to compliment the glass and crystal. You could even change the hardware to a silver.

So if I want to include sustainable things in my house, where should I start?